Summa's investment strategy is derived from the investment opportunities that the SDGs entail. As such, we target companies that meet the requirements of the future sustainable economy, including from a climate perspective. Within our themes Changing Demographics and Tech Enabled Solutions, the companies that we target and have in our portfolio have limited physical supply chains, low carbon intensity business models and highly limited direct physical climate-related risk. Our third investment theme, Resource Efficiency, focus on companies that contribute with solutions that decrease climate change, such as energy efficiency solutions for buildings and waste management & recycling. These companies tend to also have a larger physical supply chain and corresponding footprint than our other themes, as well as exposure to larger physical climate-related risk.
Across all our companies we measure carbon footprint in scope 1,2 and 3 as well as environmental footprint. These two dimensions we have assessed as important to track from a transition risk perspective, to enable assessment of impact of e.g. evolving EU regulations. Physical risks are more specific to each company and their business model. They are when material assessed as part of the investment process as well as integrated into the board cycle through focus on ESG risks.